版主注：本帖完稿于5月5日晚21时，作者@CoachKris 是一位来自拉脱维亚的篮球教练员和篮球写手，近年曾在虎扑发布过许多分析文章。本文由翻译团译者@asjkfj 完成翻译，主帖为中英对照，如希望观看纯中文版本请移步评论区一楼。
本文中文部分约3600字，中英文合计约5200词，预计阅读全文需要9-15分钟。
Hello basketball fans! In this article I will try to help point guards (and not only) to understand what qualities they must to possess to become next level point guard from coach’s viewpoint. Even we are slowly heading towards positionless basketball where exceptionally talented players can play for three or more various positions there always will be someone responsible for certain duties that point guard can do the best.
球迷朋友们大家好！在这篇文章中，我希望能帮助篮球场上的控球后卫们（但不仅限于他们）更好地理解一件事情，那就是拥有什么样的品质才能够让他们在教练们的眼中蜕变成一位层次更高的控卫。即便如今我们正慢慢走向球场位置模糊化的时代——一些天赋独到的球员甚至可以出任三个以上的不同位置——但篮球场上总要有某些人来承担某些特定的责任，有些事情由控卫来做仍是最好的选择。
First of all we must be clear – you must be an athlete! Without certain level of athleticism and speed it’s very very hard to became next level athlete in highest level of basketball but “next level point guard” doesn’t mean only professonial basketball. In amateur basketball even few details will make positive impact to your game. I hope that informaton I deliver to my readers will help to improve their game in various ways
首先，我们要明确一个前提——一个合格的控卫必须是个标准的运动员！如果没有足够水准的运动能力和速度，你很难在最高级别的篮球赛事中蜕变为水准更高一档的球员。不过，本文所讲的“更高水准的控卫”并不仅仅是针对职业篮球的，在业余赛事中，哪怕是几个小细节也会对比赛产生积极的影响。我希望我的文章能让各位司职控卫的读者各取所需，共同进步。
1.ADVANCE THE BALL FROM THE BACKCOURT TO THE FRONTCOURT & START THE OFFENSE.
1. 把球从后场运到前场，发起进攻
Every Point guard must be able to bring the ball from back-court to front-court as soon as possible and start team’s offense. In perfect world point guard wants to score himself or help his teammates to score in simplest and fastest way possible.
每一个控卫都应该有能力尽快地把球从后场带到前场，并组织发起全队的进攻。在最理想的情况下，完美的控卫应该有着让自己或队友以尽可能简单和快捷的方式完成得分的能力。
TRANSITION OFFENSE. It is easier to advance the ball to front court and create better shot opportunities if defense hasn’t been set yet (running back). This situation usually happens after missed shots or turnovers by opposite team.
先说转换进攻。当对方的防守立足未稳时，把球带到前场并创造出更好的机会就相对容易一些。这样的状况通常发生在对方投篮不中或发生失误的时候。
Transition Offense example #1. Pass ahead.
转换进攻范例一：在反击中快速上球
Transition Offense example #2. Dribble & Read the Defense – score by yourself or find teammates.
转换进攻范例二：一边持球推进一边阅读防守，最终再选择自己得分还是助攻队友
Transition Offense example #3. Drag screen (pick-and-roll in transition).
转换进攻范例三：在反击中发动快速挡拆
SET OFFENSE. After crossing the half-court line (often facing aggressive full-court defense) point guard must start team’s offense. There are various offensive alignments and ways how to start offense.
再说阵地进攻。在把球运过中线（期间控卫还经常会面临侵略性较强的全场领防）之后，控球后卫就必须组织发起全队的进攻了。而发起进攻的姿态和方式也是多种多样的。
Set Offense example #1. Zipper
阵地战术范例一：拉链战术（注：控卫持球至45度区域，另一持球人借内线队友的下掩护拉到弧顶接球）
Set Offense example #2. Iverson Cut.
阵地战术范例二：艾弗森空切（注：控卫弧顶持球，分卫借1-2名内线的横向掩护由球场一侧横穿到另一侧）
2. CONTROL THE TEMPO OF A GAME & COACH ON THE BASKETBALL COURT.
2. 控制比赛节奏——“球场上的教练”
The point guard is the extension of the coach on the court. How much freedom coach gives to him depends on coach. If there is any information for team that coach wants to deliver it often goes to point guard first and then he informs his teammates afterwards.
控卫其实就是教练意志在球场上的延伸，教练赋予控卫的自由度是因人而异的。无论教练想要传达给球队什么信息，他都要先给控卫讲，然后再让控卫告知其他队友。
One of the skills that separates average point guards from great ones is ability to CONTROL THE TEMPO OF A GAME. As I mentioned before most of the time teams want to attack quickly before defense has been set. But at the same time it’s point guard who must be aware of how much time is left on shot clock & game clock and what’s the score.
要想区分一般控卫和优秀的控卫，其中一种技巧就是看他们控制节奏的能力到底怎么样。正如前文所述，大部分球队都喜欢趁对方立足未稳就发动快攻，但与此同时，控球后卫也必须随时对进攻时间、比赛时间和比分的情况了如指掌。
In this example team wanted to attack quick but later ball was passed back to point guard since there were no difference between shot clock and game clock. That means no shots for opposite team available even if offensive team misses the shot. Smart decision.
下面这个范例中，白队最初想要推快，但当球传到控卫手里时，他发现比赛时间已经只剩下最后一次进攻的时间，于是就主动慢了下来。这样一来哪怕这次进攻不中，对方也没有机会反击了。这是一个很聪明的决定。
HIGH BASKETBALL IQ, GOOD DECISION MAKING & ANTICIPATION separates average from high-level athletes. In this example point guard anticipates trap before crossing half-court line and passes the ball to open teammate. Often it creates 4-on-3 situation. This is very aggressive strategy chosen by opposite team’s coach. He wants the ball out of point guard’s hands as soon as possible.
高层级的篮球智商、良好的决策能力和预判能力同样能让档次更高的运动员脱颖而出。在下图的范例中，黑队控卫在过半场前就预判到对方会采用夹击，于是及时把球分给了空位队友。这样一来就常常能创造出局部4打3的机会。防守方球队的主教练采取了相当激进的防守策略，他的意图是尽快让皮球脱离对方控卫的控制。
3. GOOD BALL-HANDLING & PASSING SKILLS.
3. 良好的传控技巧
Since point guards usually are shortest players of the team they must compensate it not only with quickness or great coordination but also with excellent ball-handling and passing ability.
由于控卫一般都是球队里最矮小的球员，因此他们必须以其他的能力来弥补这份劣势。这其中不仅包括速度和出色的协调性，也包括优异的控球和传球能力。
Ability to protect the ball against aggressive defense and at the same time being able to make a play (remember not to overdribble!);
控卫要在具有侵略性的防守面前保护住球，并维持进攻的正常运转（记住，运球过多不可取！）
Kyrie’s world class ball-handling allows to be effective vs. Bradley who is one of the best perimiter defenders in NBA. Young players must to keep in mind that Irving is one of the kind and NBA is different type of basketball.Passing the ball with both hands equally well (especially off the dribble) & TIMING OF PASS both are very important skills for point guards.
凯里-欧文拥有着世界级的控球技术。即便上图中他对面的布拉德利是NBA中最好的外线防守者之一，他的控运也仍然是游刃有余。但年轻球员必须明白欧文只有一个，而且NBA也是一种不同于其他篮球赛事的联赛。在传球方面，左右两只手的均衡度（特别是运球后做出的传球）以及传球的时机都是对控卫而言非常重要的技术。
Perfect timing of the pass leads to 3-pointer made by teammate.
上图中的控卫就很好地把握了传球时机，从而助攻队友命中三分。
4. ONE-ON-ONE.
4. 一对一
High-level PG must be able to create his own shot (I will emphasize 3-pointer) both against his initial defender or in case of size mismatch.
不论是面对初始的对位者还是面对错位，高水平的控卫都要能够为自己创造出得分机会（特别是持球三分，这一点我们后面再讲）。
Having various finishing moves around the rim and ability to make various type of lay-ups with both hands equally makes you next level point guard (facing physical contact & taller defenders).
如果你能够练出变化多端的突破脚步和丰富且足以“左右开弓”的上篮技巧，而且能够应付身体对抗和冲击更高大的防守人，那么你也将跨出成为高水平控卫的坚实一步。
Very common situation is when point guard finds himself with the ball in hands when 10 or less seconds left on shot clock and he must to make a play. If you can beat your defender 1-on-1 also your teammates will get more open shots.
控卫经常会遇到这样一种情况：当进攻时间或比赛时间只剩不到10秒时，球到了他的手里，他必须帮球队把这个回合打成。而如果你能够在一对一的单打中就击败对位者，你的队友也势必得到更多空位投篮的机会。
5. ABILITY TO SHOOT FROM OUTSIDE & OFF-THE DRIBBLE.
5. 运球后远射的能力
European basketball coach talking about about selection of potential foreign players for his team: “We will take point guard. You definitely don’t want someone who can shoot from outside or is shorter than 185cm.”
很多欧洲篮球教练在谈及如何为自己的队伍选择外援时都会讲：“选控卫的时候，你肯定不能要外线没有篮或者身高1米85以下的球员。”
If you as point guard have ability make 3-point shot with high accuracy (especially off the dribble) your whole team’s offense will be positively affected (better spacing/shot quality/more open shots for your teammates). Golden State Warriors dominance by winning 3 NBA titles from 2015 to 2018 is the perfect example. Without Curry’s ability to create his own shot and shoot from outside it wouldn’t be possible.
如果一个控卫的三分球（特别是持球投三分）很准的话，那么他所在球队的进攻都会因此而大受裨益。它会带来更好的球场空间和投篮质量（也就是给队友创造更多更好的空位机会）。金州勇士就是一个例子，他们在2015-18年间一直统治NBA，四年之内夺得了三座总冠军。而如果没有在三分线外就能自主创造得分机会的库里，勇士是不可能如此成功的。
Teams often wants to keep their tallest and less mobile players near the basket (rim protection) but in this case (watch diagram below) X5 must to help X1 to guard 1 who is excellent shooter from outside since X1 is screened by 5.
一般的球队都喜欢把他们最高但也最慢的球员留在篮下（以保护篮筐），但在类型下面示意的情境中，如果进攻方的控卫1是一位极出色的三分手，那么当他的对位人X1被掩护挡住之后，防守方的中锋X5就必须到外线去帮助自己的队友协防了。
If point guard can’t shoot from outside smart defense will make adjustments. If you are under-sized without good shot from outside you must be extremelly athletic or otherwise gifted to play in highest level.
而如果控球后卫不会远投的话，比较精明的对手就会在防守端做出针对性的调整了。如果一个控卫的身材比较矮小而又没有投篮的话，就必须具备极强大的运动能力或是其他类型的才能才有可能成为一名高水平的控卫。
RAJON RONDO. Despite being only 32% career 3-point shooter Rondo has successful NBA career. 2x NBA Champ is well known of his excellent passing ability and defense.
拉简-隆多就是一个反例。虽然隆多NBA生涯至今的三分命中率只有32%，但他仍收获了一个成功的职业生涯，并得到了两个冠军。他出众的传球功力和防守都是广为人知的。
Rajon Rondo is only 6’1″ but has a wingspan of 6’9″. He also has larger hands than LeBron James, Michael Jordan and Yao Ming.
隆多的身高只有6英尺1英寸（约1.85米），不过臂展却达到6尺9寸（约2.06米），而且他的手掌比詹姆斯、乔丹和姚明都要巨大。
6. PICK-AND-ROLL.
6. 挡拆
Team’s best ball-handler that usually is point guard position player often plays the most pick-and-rolls. Nowadays PNR is very important part of most offenses. In perfect world point guard should be good both at reading various PNR defenses (“switch”/”drop”/”show & recover”/”trap”/”under” etc.) and be able to:
控球后卫通常都是队里最棒的持球手，也是发动挡拆次数最多的队员。如今挡拆在绝大部分队伍的进攻体系中都占有重要地位。所谓的“完美控卫”不仅需要善于阅读各种不同的防挡拆策略（比如换防、内线收缩、延误、夹击或者绕后），还要掌握以下各项内容：
Shoot 3-pointer/mid-range shot after coming off the screen.Attack screener’s defender with drive & able to finish drive with successful shot near the basket (various lay-ups, floaters etc.).
要有借掩护后的急停三分/中投，能通过突破攻击挡拆伙伴的对位人，且有能力在篮下完成终结（比如各种姿势的上篮和抛投等）
Able to pass to screener who rolls/short rolls/pops.
要有能力给顺下、短顺下（注：指内线球员顺下到罚球线附近的位置后接球，吸引防守再分给外线空位的队友）和外拆的掩护人输送传球
Read where defensive help is coming from and find other teammates who aren’t directly involved in pick-and-roll.
要及时阅读协防前来的位置，从而找到除掩护人外的其他队友
7. COURT VISION.
7. 球场视野
Players must to play with his head up all the time: must see where are your teammates located & what defense is doing. Sounds easier than it is especially for point guards who are facing defense of opposite team’s quickest and most aggressive perimeter players.
控卫必须能够“抬着头打球”：他们必须看到队友的落位以及防守方的变化。这事听起来容易做起来难，尤其是在控卫们需要对付对方最敏捷和最凶悍的外线防守人的前提下。
Miloš Teodosič is well known of his court vision and ability to find his teammates.
说到球场视野和观察队友的能力，米洛什-特奥多西奇（上图中的持球人）无疑是很著名的行家。
8. PLAYING WITHOUT THE BALL & GET OPEN vs. AGGRESSIVE DEFENSE.
8. 高强度防守下的无球移动与摆脱
Playing without the ball is very underrated skill even for players who play with the ball most of the time. Even you aren’t directly involved in current offensive possession or your job was just to make entry pass and cut to the corner for example. Keep good spacing & read your defender. Be ready to catch and shoot, cut if defender helps too far or turns his head or to be involved again in later stages of offense.
对于大部分时间都有球在手的控卫而言，无球技术的作用往往被人低估。即便你不是当前进攻战术的直接参与者（比如说你在战术中的作用只是把球传进内线然后切出到弱侧底角），无球移动也很重要。你要在跑动期间保持好球场的空间感，并且阅读防守人的一举一动。要做好接球投篮的准备，如果发现防守人在离你很远的地方协防、用背对着你或者被你甩在身后的话，就要积极往篮下空切。
Very often point guards faces aggressive defense and main principles of getting open and read defense must be taught to you if you want to play in next level basketball. Usually PG must make contact and/or change of speed & direction to get open and receive the ball.
很多时候控卫们都会面临侵略性较强的防守，因此控卫必须掌握摆脱对手和阅读防守的基本原则。一般来说，控卫想要摆脱对手并接到球主要有上身体、变速和变向等几种策略。
Examples of getting open by initiating contact with defensive player that helps to create separation.
来看几个通过对防守人施加对抗而创造出摆脱空间的范例：
Example of getting open while using change of speed & change of direction.
然后是一个通过变速/变向完成摆脱的范例：
Location of where the ball has been received is important. Usually we are not happy to receive the ball near logo but in this case we focus on player’s ability to create separation from his defender.
选定接球的位置也是很重要的。通常我们不愿意看到控卫在靠近场地LOGO的地方接球，只不过在这个案例中，我们主要看的还是球员摆脱防守者的能力。
Other ways how to deal with aggressive defense is option of backscreen or receiving off-ball screen from your teammate.
应付高强度防守的其他方法还包括主动设置背掩护和借助队友的无球掩护等。
9. AGGRESSIVE ON-BALL & OFF-BALL FULL-COURT DEFENSE.
9. 具有侵略性的全场防守（包括对球施压和防守无球）
Coaches love players who put lot of effort on defense. Hard work and aggressiveness can compensate lack of height that is big disadvantage in basketball. Aggressive full-court will help you to earn extra minutes especially if you are back up point guard. At the same time aggressive defense shouldn’t result in frequent foul trouble.
教练们都喜欢那些能在防守端投入较多能量的球员。勤奋和侵略性可以弥补身高不足在篮球场上的巨大劣势。具有侵略性的全场防守能为你赢得更多的出场时间，尤其是对于一名替补控卫来说。但与此同时，大强度的防守并不应该导致过于频繁的犯规麻烦。
10. FEED THE POST.
10. 给低位队友喂球
Another underrated skill is feeding the post or delivering the ball to player near the basket at the right moment. Good point guard will find the ways how to give the ball to teammate in low post area against various defenses.
另一个没有受到足够重视的技术环节就是如何给低位的人喂球，或者说如何在恰当的时刻把球打到在篮筐附近要球的队员手里。好的控卫应该在各种不同的防守策略下都能找到把球传给低位队友的方法。
For example good lob pass that leads towards the basket against FRONT defense (also vs. 3/4 denial post defense) is hard to do especially when there will be help defender behind most of the time.
举例来说，要传好用于破解绕前防守（或者3/4绕前的阻绝球防守）的高吊球就具有相当高的难度，特别是当要球者身后还有其他人协防的时候。
Against post defenders who plays BEHIND try to target your pass to teammate’s hand which is the furthest from defender if he uses closest hand to protect himself from defender.
而在面对那些善于背后顶防的低位防守人时，你的传球就要努力瞄准你队友距离对手相对远端的那只手，因为他的近端手往往会被用来格挡防守人，从而保护自己的身位。
(Photo by Rocky Widner/NBAE via Getty Images)
Also big men must to do good job by being on balance & maintain position.
同时，要球的大个子球员也要有足够扎实的平衡感和要位能力。
Thanks for reading! For everyone who wants to improve their basketball skills and basketball IQ feel free to contact Coach Kris.
感谢您的阅读！如果您希望提高篮球技巧和篮球智商，可以随时联系本文作者Coach Kris。
Coach Kris is experienced coach who had a chance to work with various CBA, WCBA, China Women’s national team players, China U-18 players, various professional players in Europe and plenty of talented youth and amateur players.
（本文作者Kris是一位经验丰富的篮球训练师，曾与多支CBA、WCBA球队以及许多来自国家女篮和U-18国青男篮的队员有过合作经历，也曾训练过许多不同的欧洲职业运动员及一些天赋出众的青年业余球员）
抖音ID: kristiansabc.
版主注：本帖完稿于5月5日晚21时，作者@CoachKris 是一位来自拉脱维亚的篮球教练员和篮球写手，近年曾在虎扑发布过许多分析文章。本文由翻译团译者@asjkfj 完成翻译，主帖为中英对照，如希望观看纯中文版本请移步评论区一楼。
本文中文部分约3600字，中英文合计约5200词，预计阅读全文需要9-15分钟。
Hello basketball fans! In this article I will try to help point guards (and not only) to understand what qualities they must to possess to become next level point guard from coach’s viewpoint. Even we are slowly heading towards positionless basketball where exceptionally talented players can play for three or more various positions there always will be someone responsible for certain duties that point guard can do the best.
球迷朋友们大家好！在这篇文章中，我希望能帮助篮球场上的控球后卫们（但不仅限于他们）更好地理解一件事情，那就是拥有什么样的品质才能够让他们在教练们的眼中蜕变成一位层次更高的控卫。即便如今我们正慢慢走向球场位置模糊化的时代——一些天赋独到的球员甚至可以出任三个以上的不同位置——但篮球场上总要有某些人来承担某些特定的责任，有些事情由控卫来做仍是最好的选择。
First of all we must be clear – you must be an athlete! Without certain level of athleticism and speed it’s very very hard to became next level athlete in highest level of basketball but “next level point guard” doesn’t mean only professonial basketball. In amateur basketball even few details will make positive impact to your game. I hope that informaton I deliver to my readers will help to improve their game in various ways
首先，我们要明确一个前提——一个合格的控卫必须是个标准的运动员！如果没有足够水准的运动能力和速度，你很难在最高级别的篮球赛事中蜕变为水准更高一档的球员。不过，本文所讲的“更高水准的控卫”并不仅仅是针对职业篮球的，在业余赛事中，哪怕是几个小细节也会对比赛产生积极的影响。我希望我的文章能让各位司职控卫的读者各取所需，共同进步。
1.ADVANCE THE BALL FROM THE BACKCOURT TO THE FRONTCOURT & START THE OFFENSE.
1. 把球从后场运到前场，发起进攻
Every Point guard must be able to bring the ball from back-court to front-court as soon as possible and start team’s offense. In perfect world point guard wants to score himself or help his teammates to score in simplest and fastest way possible.
每一个控卫都应该有能力尽快地把球从后场带到前场，并组织发起全队的进攻。在最理想的情况下，完美的控卫应该有着让自己或队友以尽可能简单和快捷的方式完成得分的能力。
TRANSITION OFFENSE. It is easier to advance the ball to front court and create better shot opportunities if defense hasn’t been set yet (running back). This situation usually happens after missed shots or turnovers by opposite team.
先说转换进攻。当对方的防守立足未稳时，把球带到前场并创造出更好的机会就相对容易一些。这样的状况通常发生在对方投篮不中或发生失误的时候。
Transition Offense example #1. Pass ahead.
转换进攻范例一：在反击中快速上球
Transition Offense example #2. Dribble & Read the Defense – score by yourself or find teammates.
转换进攻范例二：一边持球推进一边阅读防守，最终再选择自己得分还是助攻队友
Transition Offense example #3. Drag screen (pick-and-roll in transition).
转换进攻范例三：在反击中发动快速挡拆
SET OFFENSE. After crossing the half-court line (often facing aggressive full-court defense) point guard must start team’s offense. There are various offensive alignments and ways how to start offense.
再说阵地进攻。在把球运过中线（期间控卫还经常会面临侵略性较强的全场领防）之后，控球后卫就必须组织发起全队的进攻了。而发起进攻的姿态和方式也是多种多样的。
Set Offense example #1. Zipper
阵地战术范例一：拉链战术（注：控卫持球至45度区域，另一持球人借内线队友的下掩护拉到弧顶接球）
Set Offense example #2. Iverson Cut.
阵地战术范例二：艾弗森空切（注：控卫弧顶持球，分卫借1-2名内线的横向掩护由球场一侧横穿到另一侧）
2. CONTROL THE TEMPO OF A GAME & COACH ON THE BASKETBALL COURT.
2. 控制比赛节奏——“球场上的教练”
The point guard is the extension of the coach on the court. How much freedom coach gives to him depends on coach. If there is any information for team that coach wants to deliver it often goes to point guard first and then he informs his teammates afterwards.
控卫其实就是教练意志在球场上的延伸，教练赋予控卫的自由度是因人而异的。无论教练想要传达给球队什么信息，他都要先给控卫讲，然后再让控卫告知其他队友。
One of the skills that separates average point guards from great ones is ability to CONTROL THE TEMPO OF A GAME. As I mentioned before most of the time teams want to attack quickly before defense has been set. But at the same time it’s point guard who must be aware of how much time is left on shot clock & game clock and what’s the score.
要想区分一般控卫和优秀的控卫，其中一种技巧就是看他们控制节奏的能力到底怎么样。正如前文所述，大部分球队都喜欢趁对方立足未稳就发动快攻，但与此同时，控球后卫也必须随时对进攻时间、比赛时间和比分的情况了如指掌。
In this example team wanted to attack quick but later ball was passed back to point guard since there were no difference between shot clock and game clock. That means no shots for opposite team available even if offensive team misses the shot. Smart decision.
下面这个范例中，白队最初想要推快，但当球传到控卫手里时，他发现比赛时间已经只剩下最后一次进攻的时间，于是就主动慢了下来。这样一来哪怕这次进攻不中，对方也没有机会反击了。这是一个很聪明的决定。
HIGH BASKETBALL IQ, GOOD DECISION MAKING & ANTICIPATION separates average from high-level athletes. In this example point guard anticipates trap before crossing half-court line and passes the ball to open teammate. Often it creates 4-on-3 situation. This is very aggressive strategy chosen by opposite team’s coach. He wants the ball out of point guard’s hands as soon as possible.
高层级的篮球智商、良好的决策能力和预判能力同样能让档次更高的运动员脱颖而出。在下图的范例中，黑队控卫在过半场前就预判到对方会采用夹击，于是及时把球分给了空位队友。这样一来就常常能创造出局部4打3的机会。防守方球队的主教练采取了相当激进的防守策略，他的意图是尽快让皮球脱离对方控卫的控制。
3. GOOD BALL-HANDLING & PASSING SKILLS.
3. 良好的传控技巧
Since point guards usually are shortest players of the team they must compensate it not only with quickness or great coordination but also with excellent ball-handling and passing ability.
由于控卫一般都是球队里最矮小的球员，因此他们必须以其他的能力来弥补这份劣势。这其中不仅包括速度和出色的协调性，也包括优异的控球和传球能力。
Ability to protect the ball against aggressive defense and at the same time being able to make a play (remember not to overdribble!);
控卫要在具有侵略性的防守面前保护住球，并维持进攻的正常运转（记住，运球过多不可取！）
Kyrie’s world class ball-handling allows to be effective vs. Bradley who is one of the best perimiter defenders in NBA. Young players must to keep in mind that Irving is one of the kind and NBA is different type of basketball.Passing the ball with both hands equally well (especially off the dribble) & TIMING OF PASS both are very important skills for point guards.
凯里-欧文拥有着世界级的控球技术。即便上图中他对面的布拉德利是NBA中最好的外线防守者之一，他的控运也仍然是游刃有余。但年轻球员必须明白欧文只有一个，而且NBA也是一种不同于其他篮球赛事的联赛。在传球方面，左右两只手的均衡度（特别是运球后做出的传球）以及传球的时机都是对控卫而言非常重要的技术。
Perfect timing of the pass leads to 3-pointer made by teammate.
上图中的控卫就很好地把握了传球时机，从而助攻队友命中三分。
4. ONE-ON-ONE.
4. 一对一
High-level PG must be able to create his own shot (I will emphasize 3-pointer) both against his initial defender or in case of size mismatch.
不论是面对初始的对位者还是面对错位，高水平的控卫都要能够为自己创造出得分机会（特别是持球三分，这一点我们后面再讲）。
Having various finishing moves around the rim and ability to make various type of lay-ups with both hands equally makes you next level point guard (facing physical contact & taller defenders).
如果你能够练出变化多端的突破脚步和丰富且足以“左右开弓”的上篮技巧，而且能够应付身体对抗和冲击更高大的防守人，那么你也将跨出成为高水平控卫的坚实一步。
Very common situation is when point guard finds himself with the ball in hands when 10 or less seconds left on shot clock and he must to make a play. If you can beat your defender 1-on-1 also your teammates will get more open shots.
控卫经常会遇到这样一种情况：当进攻时间或比赛时间只剩不到10秒时，球到了他的手里，他必须帮球队把这个回合打成。而如果你能够在一对一的单打中就击败对位者，你的队友也势必得到更多空位投篮的机会。
5. ABILITY TO SHOOT FROM OUTSIDE & OFF-THE DRIBBLE.
5. 运球后远射的能力
European basketball coach talking about about selection of potential foreign players for his team: “We will take point guard. You definitely don’t want someone who can shoot from outside or is shorter than 185cm.”
很多欧洲篮球教练在谈及如何为自己的队伍选择外援时都会讲：“选控卫的时候，你肯定不能要外线没有篮或者身高1米85以下的球员。”
If you as point guard have ability make 3-point shot with high accuracy (especially off the dribble) your whole team’s offense will be positively affected (better spacing/shot quality/more open shots for your teammates). Golden State Warriors dominance by winning 3 NBA titles from 2015 to 2018 is the perfect example. Without Curry’s ability to create his own shot and shoot from outside it wouldn’t be possible.
如果一个控卫的三分球（特别是持球投三分）很准的话，那么他所在球队的进攻都会因此而大受裨益。它会带来更好的球场空间和投篮质量（也就是给队友创造更多更好的空位机会）。金州勇士就是一个例子，他们在2015-18年间一直统治NBA，四年之内夺得了三座总冠军。而如果没有在三分线外就能自主创造得分机会的库里，勇士是不可能如此成功的。
Teams often wants to keep their tallest and less mobile players near the basket (rim protection) but in this case (watch diagram below) X5 must to help X1 to guard 1 who is excellent shooter from outside since X1 is screened by 5.
一般的球队都喜欢把他们最高但也最慢的球员留在篮下（以保护篮筐），但在类型下面示意的情境中，如果进攻方的控卫1是一位极出色的三分手，那么当他的对位人X1被掩护挡住之后，防守方的中锋X5就必须到外线去帮助自己的队友协防了。
If point guard can’t shoot from outside smart defense will make adjustments. If you are under-sized without good shot from outside you must be extremelly athletic or otherwise gifted to play in highest level.
而如果控球后卫不会远投的话，比较精明的对手就会在防守端做出针对性的调整了。如果一个控卫的身材比较矮小而又没有投篮的话，就必须具备极强大的运动能力或是其他类型的才能才有可能成为一名高水平的控卫。
RAJON RONDO. Despite being only 32% career 3-point shooter Rondo has successful NBA career. 2x NBA Champ is well known of his excellent passing ability and defense.
拉简-隆多就是一个反例。虽然隆多NBA生涯至今的三分命中率只有32%，但他仍收获了一个成功的职业生涯，并得到了两个冠军。他出众的传球功力和防守都是广为人知的。
Rajon Rondo is only 6’1″ but has a wingspan of 6’9″. He also has larger hands than LeBron James, Michael Jordan and Yao Ming.
隆多的身高只有6英尺1英寸（约1.85米），不过臂展却达到6尺9寸（约2.06米），而且他的手掌比詹姆斯、乔丹和姚明都要巨大。
6. PICK-AND-ROLL.
6. 挡拆
Team’s best ball-handler that usually is point guard position player often plays the most pick-and-rolls. Nowadays PNR is very important part of most offenses. In perfect world point guard should be good both at reading various PNR defenses (“switch”/”drop”/”show & recover”/”trap”/”under” etc.) and be able to:
控球后卫通常都是队里最棒的持球手，也是发动挡拆次数最多的队员。如今挡拆在绝大部分队伍的进攻体系中都占有重要地位。所谓的“完美控卫”不仅需要善于阅读各种不同的防挡拆策略（比如换防、内线收缩、延误、夹击或者绕后），还要掌握以下各项内容：
Shoot 3-pointer/mid-range shot after coming off the screen.Attack screener’s defender with drive & able to finish drive with successful shot near the basket (various lay-ups, floaters etc.).
要有借掩护后的急停三分/中投，能通过突破攻击挡拆伙伴的对位人，且有能力在篮下完成终结（比如各种姿势的上篮和抛投等）
Able to pass to screener who rolls/short rolls/pops.
要有能力给顺下、短顺下（注：指内线球员顺下到罚球线附近的位置后接球，吸引防守再分给外线空位的队友）和外拆的掩护人输送传球
Read where defensive help is coming from and find other teammates who aren’t directly involved in pick-and-roll.
要及时阅读协防前来的位置，从而找到除掩护人外的其他队友
7. COURT VISION.
7. 球场视野
Players must to play with his head up all the time: must see where are your teammates located & what defense is doing. Sounds easier than it is especially for point guards who are facing defense of opposite team’s quickest and most aggressive perimeter players.
控卫必须能够“抬着头打球”：他们必须看到队友的落位以及防守方的变化。这事听起来容易做起来难，尤其是在控卫们需要对付对方最敏捷和最凶悍的外线防守人的前提下。
Miloš Teodosič is well known of his court vision and ability to find his teammates.
说到球场视野和观察队友的能力，米洛什-特奥多西奇（上图中的持球人）无疑是很著名的行家。
8. PLAYING WITHOUT THE BALL & GET OPEN vs. AGGRESSIVE DEFENSE.
8. 高强度防守下的无球移动与摆脱
Playing without the ball is very underrated skill even for players who play with the ball most of the time. Even you aren’t directly involved in current offensive possession or your job was just to make entry pass and cut to the corner for example. Keep good spacing & read your defender. Be ready to catch and shoot, cut if defender helps too far or turns his head or to be involved again in later stages of offense.
对于大部分时间都有球在手的控卫而言，无球技术的作用往往被人低估。即便你不是当前进攻战术的直接参与者（比如说你在战术中的作用只是把球传进内线然后切出到弱侧底角），无球移动也很重要。你要在跑动期间保持好球场的空间感，并且阅读防守人的一举一动。要做好接球投篮的准备，如果发现防守人在离你很远的地方协防、用背对着你或者被你甩在身后的话，就要积极往篮下空切。
Very often point guards faces aggressive defense and main principles of getting open and read defense must be taught to you if you want to play in next level basketball. Usually PG must make contact and/or change of speed & direction to get open and receive the ball.
很多时候控卫们都会面临侵略性较强的防守，因此控卫必须掌握摆脱对手和阅读防守的基本原则。一般来说，控卫想要摆脱对手并接到球主要有上身体、变速和变向等几种策略。
Examples of getting open by initiating contact with defensive player that helps to create separation.
来看几个通过对防守人施加对抗而创造出摆脱空间的范例：
Example of getting open while using change of speed & change of direction.
然后是一个通过变速/变向完成摆脱的范例：
Location of where the ball has been received is important. Usually we are not happy to receive the ball near logo but in this case we focus on player’s ability to create separation from his defender.
选定接球的位置也是很重要的。通常我们不愿意看到控卫在靠近场地LOGO的地方接球，只不过在这个案例中，我们主要看的还是球员摆脱防守者的能力。
Other ways how to deal with aggressive defense is option of backscreen or receiving off-ball screen from your teammate.
应付高强度防守的其他方法还包括主动设置背掩护和借助队友的无球掩护等。
9. AGGRESSIVE ON-BALL & OFF-BALL FULL-COURT DEFENSE.
9. 具有侵略性的全场防守（包括对球施压和防守无球）
Coaches love players who put lot of effort on defense. Hard work and aggressiveness can compensate lack of height that is big disadvantage in basketball. Aggressive full-court will help you to earn extra minutes especially if you are back up point guard. At the same time aggressive defense shouldn’t result in frequent foul trouble.
教练们都喜欢那些能在防守端投入较多能量的球员。勤奋和侵略性可以弥补身高不足在篮球场上的巨大劣势。具有侵略性的全场防守能为你赢得更多的出场时间，尤其是对于一名替补控卫来说。但与此同时，大强度的防守并不应该导致过于频繁的犯规麻烦。
10. FEED THE POST.
10. 给低位队友喂球
Another underrated skill is feeding the post or delivering the ball to player near the basket at the right moment. Good point guard will find the ways how to give the ball to teammate in low post area against various defenses.
另一个没有受到足够重视的技术环节就是如何给低位的人喂球，或者说如何在恰当的时刻把球打到在篮筐附近要球的队员手里。好的控卫应该在各种不同的防守策略下都能找到把球传给低位队友的方法。
For example good lob pass that leads towards the basket against FRONT defense (also vs. 3/4 denial post defense) is hard to do especially when there will be help defender behind most of the time.
举例来说，要传好用于破解绕前防守（或者3/4绕前的阻绝球防守）的高吊球就具有相当高的难度，特别是当要球者身后还有其他人协防的时候。
Against post defenders who plays BEHIND try to target your pass to teammate’s hand which is the furthest from defender if he uses closest hand to protect himself from defender.
而在面对那些善于背后顶防的低位防守人时，你的传球就要努力瞄准你队友距离对手相对远端的那只手，因为他的近端手往往会被用来格挡防守人，从而保护自己的身位。
(Photo by Rocky Widner/NBAE via Getty Images)
Also big men must to do good job by being on balance & maintain position.
同时，要球的大个子球员也要有足够扎实的平衡感和要位能力。
Thanks for reading! For everyone who wants to improve their basketball skills and basketball IQ feel free to contact Coach Kris.
感谢您的阅读！如果您希望提高篮球技巧和篮球智商，可以随时联系本文作者Coach Kris。
Coach Kris is experienced coach who had a chance to work with various CBA, WCBA, China Women’s national team players, China U-18 players, various professional players in Europe and plenty of talented youth and amateur players.
（本文作者Kris是一位经验丰富的篮球训练师，曾与多支CBA、WCBA球队以及许多来自国家女篮和U-18国青男篮的队员有过合作经历，也曾训练过许多不同的欧洲职业运动员及一些天赋出众的青年业余球员）
抖音ID: kristiansabc.
